Improved genetic material for a future climate – new species – new genotypes (case study of Pinus contorta in Latvia)
2012
Purina, L., Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia). Div. of Forest Tree Breeding | Sisenis, L., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Forest Faculty | Krisans, O., Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia). Div. of Forest Tree Breeding | Jansons, A., Latvian State Forest Research Inst. Silava, Salaspils (Latvia). Genetic Resource Centre
Predictions of future climatic conditions are uncertain and might be influenced by number of different factors. One of the forest management strategies to increase adaptation in such conditions is to diversify – increase number of genetic entries within species or species used. In Latvia relative large areas are occupied by poor, sandy soil, suitable only for Scots pine. Therefore aim of the study was to evaluate potential to use lodgepole pine in those soil conditions. Study was based on 18 experiments, including 40 lodgepole pine provenances, established from year 1982 to year 1995 using initial spacing 1 × 2 m and block plots with 4–6 replications. Measurements carried out at different age of the trees: 12–29 years. Results demonstrate considerably and significantly higher average survival and both radial and height increment of Pinus contorta in comparison to Pinus sylvestris. Therefore also yield and biomass of lodgepole pines were higher. Significant provenance effect was found to all of the traits determining productivity. There were no differences in time of formation of height increment among pine species, but Pinus contorta formed two branch whorls per season in contrast to just one for Pinus sylvestris. Therefore number of branches per meter of stem was significantly higher for lodgepole pine as well as proportion of trees with spike knots and double leaders higher and natural pruning rate lower. There traits would limit the use of Pinus contorta timber. Serious deficiency in resistance against local pests or pathogens was not found in any of the trials. Results indicate possibilities to use suitable provenances of Pinus contorta to diversify options of regeneration of areas on poor, sandy soils.
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