Katalizatori za biodizel / Catalysts for biodiesel
2012
Mićić, Radoslav (NIS Rafinerija, Novi Sad (Srbija)) | Tomić, Milan (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija))
Biodiesel is non-toxic biodegradable fuel produced from vegetable oil triglycerides during the process of transesterification with methanol. Biodiesel is environmentally friendly and renewable fuel produced from biomass [1,2]. Emission of CO2 is low according to renewable nature. In comparison to fossil diesel emissions of CO, SOx, unburned hydrocarbons and soot is very low, and NOx emissions are slightly higher [3]. Most of commercial technologies uses homogeneous catalysts (NaOH or KOH) and have a number of relatively expensive, complex and environmentally unfavorable steps of neutralization, washing and separation [1,4,5,6]. Appliance of a suitable heterogeneous catalyst can solve a series of economic and environmental problems (the catalyst is non-corrosive, environmentally friendly and easy to store). In heterogeneous processes, solid catalysts are much more easily and quickly removed from the liquid product (filtering), in relation to the necessary degree of washing in homogeneous catalysis. Filtration process removes biodiesel and glycerin, and greatly reduces water consumption. After separation solid catalyst can be reused.
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