Nitrogen fertilization and mycotoxin accumulation influence upon protein and amino acid content of corn grains
2012
Radulov, Isidora (Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara (Romania)) | Alexa, Ersilia (Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara (Romania)) | Negrea, Monica (Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara (Romania)) | Crista, Florin (Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara (Romania)) | Berbecea, Adina (Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara (Romania))
Because they make up a large part of diets, corn grains cannot be considered only as a source of energy, as they provide significant amounts of protein as well. It is also recognized that cereal grains have a low protein concentration and that protein quality is limited by deficiencies in some essential amino acids, mainly lysine. For a balanced nutrition is important not only the amount of amino acids taken over, but the ratio between them, because the disproportion in feed of amino acids composition leads to a complex disorder of protein metabolism. The content of amino acids in plant biomass is affected by N nutrition. In this paper the protein content, and amino acid composition of corn grains was determined. Corn (Zea mays L.) was grown in a series of field plots which received various rata of applied nitrogen: 50 kgN∙ha-1, 100 kgN∙ha-1, 150 kgN∙ha-1 and 200 kgN∙ha-1. Amino acid composition, after subjecting samples to conditions which would hydrolyze protein, was determined by ion chromatographic method. The analyses were made on samples with and without mycotoxins accumulation. The amino acid content varied significantly with protein content of the samples. Nitrogen rate that have a significant effect on the maximal accumulation of valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, and alanine was 150 kgN∙ha-1. Higher nitrogen application rates alter the amino acid balance thereby reducing the nutritional value. Mycotoxins accumulation took place in samples fertilized with 200 kgN ∙ha-1, which had lower amino acid content that samples without mycotoxins.
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