Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) extract on the expression of cytokine genes in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.)
2011
Dutrudi Panprommin(University of Phayao, Phayao (Thailand). School of Agriculture and Natural Resources) E-mail:dutrudeep@yahoo.com | Kittima Vanichkul(Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pratumthani (Thailand). Faculty of Agricultural Technology) | Nontree Panprommin(Department of Fisheries, Bangkok (Thailand). Aquatic Plant and Ornamental Fish Research Institute) | Nontawith Areechon(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Fisheries. Department of Aquaculture) E-mail:ffisnwa@ku.ac.th
This research was conducted to determine the effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) extract as an immunostimulant in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.). The fish were fed with different concentrations of turmeric extract at 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg diet for 30 days. Head kidney were collected at day 15 and 30 after feeding to determine the mRNA expression level of cytokine genes including IL-1 beta, IL-8 and TGF-beta using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The beta-actin gene was used as an internal control for normalizing the cytokine gene expression levels. At day 15, the expression of all cytokine genes appeared to be increased in all turmeric extract diets in which the expression of IL-8 were significantly increased by all concentrations of the extract (P LT 0.05). Similar findings were observed at day 30 in which the expression of most cytokine genes in all turmeric extract diets were higher than the control. And IL-8 was still the only gene that the expression level were significantly increased in all concentrations of turmeric extract when compared with the control (P LT 0.05). This study also indicated that the effective concentrations of turmeric extract were 5 and 10 mg/kg diet in which the expressions of the studied cytokine genes were higher than the higher doses. IL-8 was the cytokine gene that showed consistently high expression to the turmeric extract throughout the 30 day trial. The result from this study clearly showed the benefits of turmeric extract that can be used to elevate the immune functions of Nile tilapia.
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