Protective strategies induced by marine algae extracts against bean leaf spot disease
2011
Salem, W.M. | Galal,H. | Nasr El-deen, F.
Faba bean (Vitia/aha) cv. Giza-3 seedlings were inoculated with 10. spores mL. -I of jktrnaria a/ternata by positioning 100 .µL of conidial) suspension on transverse streaks of the upper surface of unblemished leaves. After 2 d, plants were sprayed rib ethyl acetate extract of Padina gymnospora and methanolic extracts of Codium fragile, Sargassium hystrix and Actinotrichia fragilis. Finally, tota) phenols, proline, phosphorus contents and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined in infected and the opposite leaves to infected leaves. Local brown spots on both infected and opposite infected leaves indicated the transport of infection to. opposite leaves. The hestest proline and phosphorus accumulations were recorded m the opposite leaves (186 and 130% of non-inoculated controls, respectively). The highest Superoxide Oxidase, Catalase, Peroxidase, Ascorbate Peroxidase and Glutathione Reductase activities were observed either in infected or opposite leaves (128, 195,68,289 and 200% of non-inoculated controls, respectively). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content of inoculated and opposite leaves increased by 42 and 35% relative to non-inoculated control, respectively. The results of the infection process, along with plant analysis before and after application of marine algal extracts, suggested that the extracts have had important roles in overcoming this fungal disease. The mechanism that these extracts use depended on increasing plant resistance by stimulating the antioxidant enzyme system and accumulation of secondary metabolites.
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