Biological control of some plant diseases by using secondary metabolites of genus drechslera
2009
Fayzalla, E.A. | Abd alla, M.E. | Zaghloul, M.G. | El-Sherbiny, E.A.
Culture filtrates of nine Drechslera isolates (D. australiensis, D. cactivora, D. cynodontis, D. ellisii, D. hawaiensis, D. maydis, D. neergaardii, D. poae and D. spicifera) used at concentrations of 30, 50 and 70%, were evaluated in vitro against mycelial growth and spore germination of 8 plant pathogenic fungi (Altemaria solani, Botrytis cinerea, Botrytis fabae, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotium cepivorum). Among the tested culture filtrates, only D. cynodontis culture filtrate was highly effective growth inhibitor against all tested fungi, it reducing the fungal growth from 51.1% to 86.7%, and it is the strongest inhibitors to spore germination which inhibited spore germination of all tested fungi by 92% to 98%. Chloroform extract of Drechslera cynodontis culture filtrates was the supreme growth inhibitor against all tested fungi, whereas it inhibited the fungal growth from 66.7% (R. solani) to 88.9% (S. cepivorum) at concentration of 30 mg/ml. Also, chloroform extract was highly effective in suppressing spore germination of all tested fungi at all concentrations. In greenhouse experiments, chloroform extract was the highest effect in controlling the damping-off disease caused by F. solani and S. sclerotiorum on bean (93.4% control). Ethyl acetate extract was the second best (80% control for S. sclerotiorum and 66.7% for R. solani).
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