Development and assessment of the initial material for the improvement of waxy maize | Crearea si evaluarea materialului initial pentru ameliorarea porumbului amilopectinic
2013
Tiganas, V., Universitatea Agrara de Stat din Moldova, Chisinau (Republic of Moldova) | Tiganas, D.
This research presents the results of a long-term study of the new wx1 maize inbred lines (level S4 S6) developed by us using the backcross method and standard method with multiple self-pollinations and successive selection of promising maize genotypes. The new biological material was represented by 160 maize lines which were systematized in four botanical varieties, taking into consideration endosperm consistency, as well as grain and rachis colour. Some maize genotypes have characteristics that don’t correspond to the known botanical taxa. The name of two new botanical taxa was suggested: alborubraceratina, which includes genotypes with white grain and red rachis and luteorubraceratina, which includes genotypes with yellow grain and red rachis. As the result of assessing the general combining ability 10 lines of maize, the most valuable ones, were selected. These lines show minimal depression and basically are homozygous according to plant, ear and grain characteristics and they are resistant to adverse environmental conditions. According to biochemical properties these lines have a high starch content, from 70,1% up to 73,2%. The starch, in its turn, consists only of amylopectin, a polymer with a branched molecule, and superior physical and chemical properties than starch from amylose. The newly developed lines contribute to increase the genetic diversity of wx1 maize, to synthesize competitive hybrids with valuable technological and food features and can be used as initial material for the improvement of waxy maize.
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