Phosphorus use efficiency in Malaysian upland rice
2011
Zaharah, A.R. | Gikonyo, A.R., University Putra Malaysia 43400, Serdang, Selangor (Malaysia). Dept. of Land Management
Phosphorus deficiency is the major constraint to crop production in Malaysia and this has resulted in upland rice production showing low yields approximately 1 Mg/ha. Conventional amelioration of P deficiency by application of fertilizer is becoming increasingly uneconomical and ecologically unsound as the efficiency of added fertilizer is low approximately 10% (Werft and Dekkers,1996). Consequently, improvement of P uptake and P use efficiency (PUE) by crops is critical as an economic, environmental friendly and sustainable strategy. The key to increase P recovery from less accessible forms is using crop cultivars that are more efficient in P use. High PUE is achieved through efficient internal P utilization and/or increased acquisition of more P from soil. This study was carried out with the aim of (1) To assess the variability of PUE in upland rice landraces grown in field conditions, and (2) To study the root morphology and phosphatase traits of the different upland rice landraces. Ten upland rice landraces were planted in polybags without the application of any P sources to determine their P acquisition ability. Another study was made in the field where these landraces were planted at zero and 100kg P/ha. Total P uptake was measured from plants grown in glasshouse at 30 days old and their root characteristics measured using a WINRHIZO Scanner. Phosphatase exudates in roots of plants grown in the field were measured at harvest following the method of Tabatabai and Bremner,1969. Shoot weight (SWT), root weight (RWT), root length (RL), root surface area (RSA) and PUE exhibited significant differences among landraces. PUE was highest in G10 which also exhibited highest phosphate activity determined from field grown plants.
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