Effects of larval rearing temperature and host plant quality on growth, development and survival of african army worm, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)
2011
Aguilon, D.J.D.
The effects of temperature and host plant quality and their interactions on growth, development and survival of solitarius and gregarious forms of Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) were studied under laboratory condition. The larval and pupal development time, survivorship and pupal weight of the S. exempta at different temperatures (32/36 deg C, 26/30 deg C, 20/24 deg C) using two host plant conditions (water stressed and well watered corn plants) were recorded. Temperature dominantly affected larval and pupal development time, larval and pupal survivorship and pupal weight of S. exempta. Development time significantly increased with decreasing temperature. Development time was lengthened in water stressed plants. Survivorship in larval and pupal stage varies either with temperature or with host quality, and was generally lower at 20/24 deg C and water stressed plants in very young and older larvae of S. exempta. Water stressed host plants significantly reduced the pupal weight and development time. Interactions between temperature and host plant quality had significant effects on larval and pupal development time and pupal weight of the solitarious and gregarious forms. Distinct larval coloration was also observed in different temperatures. Gregarious larvae reared at 32/36 deg C showed solitarious like appearance characterized by olive to light green coloration and pale orange head capsule. Solitarious larvae reared at 20/24 deg C sowed gregarious like appearance having gray to black coloration with black head capsule.
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