Determination and quantification of volatile compounds in fruits of selected elderberry cultivars grown in Czech Republic
2013
Vítová, E., Brno Univ. of Technology (Czech Republic) | Divišová, R., Brno Univ. of Technology (Czech Republic) | Sůkalová, K., Brno Univ. of Technology (Czech Republic) | Matějíček, A., Brno Univ. of Technology (Czech Republic)
The aim of this work was to identify and quantify the volatile aroma compounds in fruits of several elderberry cultivars and to find a cultivar with the highest content of them. Wild elder and sixteen cultivars of elderberries were analysed. Aroma compounds were extracted by solid phase microextraction, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectro¬metry and quantified by gas chromatography. In total, 102 volatile compounds were identified in all elderberry samples, among them 38 alcohols, 16 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 19 esters, 4 heterocycles, 6 hydrocarbons and 9 acids. Alcohols, aldehydes and esters were the most abundant, while significantly (P less than 0.05) lower contents of heterocycles and hydrocarbons were found. Based on the literature, 36 compounds known as significant components of elderberry aroma, were chosen as markers of differences among cultivars. Owing to the highest total content of the selected compounds, cultivars Korsör (77.89 plus minus 3.57) mg per kg, Pregarten (43.20 plus minus 7.14) mg per kg and Samdal (67.85 plus minus 8.22) mg per kg were recommended for practical use.
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