The Global HIV Epidemics among People Who Inject Drugs

Dutta, Arin; Wirtz, Andrea; Stanciole, Anderson; Oelrichs, Robert; Semini, Iris; Baral, Stefan; Pretorius, Carel; Haworth, Caroline; Hader, Shannon; Beyrer, Chris; Cleghorn, Farley

The Global HIV Epidemics among People Who Inject Drugs

2013

This publication addresses research questions related to an increase in the levels of access and utilization for four key interventions that have the potential to significantly reduce HIV infections among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and their sexual and injecting partners, and hence morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). These interventions are drawn from nine consensus interventions that comprise a 'comprehensive package' for PWID. The four interventions are: Needle and Syringe Programs (NSP), Medically Assisted Therapy (MAT), HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT), and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). The book summarizes the results from several recent reviews of studies related to the effectiveness of the four key interventions in reducing risky behaviors in the context of transmitting or acquiring HIV infection. Overall, the four key interventions have strong effects on the risk of HIV infection among PWID via different pathways, and this determination is included in the documents proposing the comprehensive package of interventions. In order to attain the greatest effect from these interventions, structural issues must be addressed, especially the removal of punitive policies targeting PWID in many countries. The scientific evidence presented here, the public health rationale, and the human rights imperatives are all in accord: we can and must do better for PWID. The available tools are evidence-based, right affirming, and cost effective. What are required now are political will and a global consensus that this critical component of global HIV can no longer be ignored and under-resourced.

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Mots clés AGROVOC

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids crime developing countries disease control disease prevalence drugs endocarditis epidemics epidemiology gender hepatitis hiv hiv infections human immunodeficiency virus human rights immunodeficiency legal status malaria medicine morbidity nutrition patient patients population estimates public health quality of life rehabilitation risk reduction sex therapy tuberculosis unemployment viral load virus war world health organization

Informations bibliographiques

Editeur

Washington, DC: World Bank

D'autres materias

Unaids; Drug injection; Hiv prevention; Population groups; Substance abuse; Female sex workers; Male sex; Sexual partners; Adult population; Arvs; Sexual risk; Epidemic; Surveillance data; National aids control; Treatment access; Aids epidemic; Sexual practices; Sex practices; Aids deaths; People living with hiv; Sex with men; Condom; Population size; Morbidity and mortality; Global policy; Abstinence; Safe sex; Treatment services; Risky behaviors; Risk populations; Epidemiological situation; Behavioral risk; Bacterial infections; Voluntary counseling; Social vulnerability; T-cell; Rights perspective; Condom use; Infections among adults; Sexual risk behavior; Condom distribution; Needle sharing; Universal access; Sexual transmission; Resource allocations; Drug user; Spread of hiv; Sterile syringes; Treatment; Risk of infection; Drug treatment; Disease burden; Policy implications; Incidence of hiv; Sexually transmitted infection; Injection drug use; Prevention activities; Global hiv; Antenatal clinic; Sexual risk behaviors; Services for people; Injection drug; Risky sexual behavior; Prevention and care; Demographic projections; Hiv test; Hiv infection; Human development; Investment in prevention; Unsafe injection; Access to treatment; National aids; Sexual networks; Hiv testing; Sexual contact; Commercial sex; High-risk groups; Unsafe sex; Injecting drug use; Risky behavior; Mother; Risk of hiv transmission; Disease; Sterile injection equipment; Hiv transmission; Risk behavior; Behavioral interventions; Needles; Policy analysis; Mother-to-child transmission; Sex worker; Abuses; Risk-reduction; Scientific evidence; Hiv prevalence; Number of new infections; Global aids epidemic; National plans; Global consensus; Female; Service delivery; Health systems; Drug addiction; New infections; Hiv epidemics; Behavioral surveillance; Risk behaviors; Morbidity & mortality; Syringes; Condoms; Mother-to-child; User fees; Social marketing; Needle exchange; Heroin use; Lack of information; Political support; Prevalence

Licence

Directions in Development;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igoWorld BankCC BY 3.0 IGO

ISSN

8213-9776

Source

Directions in Development;

Sur AGRIS depuis: 2014-09-15

Format: AGRIS AP

Fournisseur de données

Cette notice bibliographique a été fournie par World Bank

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Liens

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12215

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The Global HIV Epidemics among People Who Inject Drugs

2013

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