The Global HIV Epidemics among Sex Workers

Kerrigan, Deanna; Wirtz, Andrea; Baral, Stefan; Decker, Michele; Murray, Laura; Poteat, Tonia; Pretorius, Carel; Sherman, Susan; Sweat, Mike; Semini, Iris; N'Jie, N'Della; Stanciole, Anderson; Butler, Jenny; Osornprasop, Sutayut; Oelrichs, Robert; Beyrer, Chris

The Global HIV Epidemics among Sex Workers

2013

Since the beginning of the epidemic sex workers have experienced a heightened burden of HIV across settings, despite their higher levels of HIV protective behaviors (UNAIDS, 2009). Unfairly, sex workers have often been framed as 'vectors of disease' and 'core transmitters' rather than workers and human beings with rights in terms of HIV prevention and beyond. By gaining a deeper understanding of the epidemiologic and broader policy and social context within which sex work is set one begins to quickly gain a sense of the complex backdrop for increased risk to HIV among sex workers. This backdrop includes the critical role of stigma, discrimination and violence faced by sex workers, as well as, the importance of community empowerment and mobilization among sex workers to address these regressive forces. The eight country case studies work to highlight the experiences of diverse populations of and contexts for sex work across settings. Given the limited epidemiologic and intervention evaluation data available among male and transgender sex workers, however, our collaborative team (Johns Hopkins University, or JHU, World Bank, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and Global Network of Sex Work Projects, or NSWP) determined that the systematic review, mathematical modeling and cost-effective analyses would focus on female sex workers. Throughout the process of this analysis as a whole, the participation of sex worker perspectives and sex worker organizations such as NSWP and their regional partners has been critical by providing documents and resources, input and consultation throughout the analytical process.

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Mots clés AGROVOC

aged aids discrimination disease control epidemics epidemiology health surveys hepatitis hiv hiv infections human beings human immunodeficiency virus human rights human trafficking immune deficiency immunodeficiency legal status malaria migration nutrition pregnant women public health rape resource allocation risk factors sex sexual violence social services therapy tuberculosis vectors violence vulnerability working conditions world health organization

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Number of women; Consistent condom use; Hiv testing; Antenatal clinics; Prostitution; Surveillance data; Treatment and care; Commercial sex worker; Male sex; Sex with men; Stis; Hiv prevention interventions; Policy makers; Universal access to treatment; Reproductive age; Medical costs; Number of people; Medical care; Unfpa; Injection drug use; Prevention of mother-to-child transmission; Sexual practices; Infections; Gross national income; Hiv transmission; Infections among adults; National aids; Prostitute; Sex workers; Hiv infection; Sex practices; Access to condoms; Prostitutes; Aids relief; Hiv prevalence; Hiv positive; Human rights imperative; Sexual behavior; Ministry of health; Adult population; Public policy; Intimate partners; Clinical services; Access to treatment; Sexual partners; Immune deficiency syndrome; Condom; Risk status; Disease; Injection drug; Global health; Sex worker; Sexually transmitted infection; Incidence of hiv; Social mobilization; Unaids; Resource allocations; Emergency plan; Treatment services; Basic prevention; Safe sex; Antenatal care; Mother-to-child; Male clients; Prevention interventions; National aids commission; Burden of disease; Universal access; Social science; Global aids response; Low prevalence; Rights organizations; Number of new infections; Epidemic; Sexual partnerships; Equal access; Injecting drug use; People living with hiv; Prevention strategies; Epidemic scenarios; National surveillance; Lack of information; Political participation; Risk populations; Human development; Impact of violence; New infections; International committee; United nations population fund; Peer education; Sex worker organizations; Hiv prevention; Prevention and care; Commercial sex; Behavioral surveillance; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Disease burden; Prevention of mother; Social cohesion; Female sex workers; Nursing; Drug user; Hiv epidemics; Sex work; Service provision

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12217http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igoWorld BankCC BY 3.0 IGO

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8213-9774

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12217

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