Design, construction and evaluation of sizing machine for hazelnuts
2014
Kermani, Ali mashaallah | Khazaei, Javad
In this study, several physical and mechanical properties of hazelnut and its kernels were evaluated as a function of moisture content in range of moisture content of 5-20% (w.b.). The physical properties of nuts and kernel such as dimensional characteristics (length, width and thickness), unit mass and geometrical properties (the geometric mean diameter, volume, surface area and projected area) increased with increasing moisture content. The sphericity of nuts and kernels decreased with increasing moisture content. The average of length, width, thickness, unit mass, the geometric mean diameter, volume, surface area and projected area and sphericity of nuts were 16.92, 17.51, 15.33, 16.55 mm, 1.95 g, 2.40 cm3, 8.63 cm2, 2.16 cm2, 93.52%, the respected value for kernels were 13.55, 13.59, 11.89, 13.00 mm, 0.92 g, 1.16 cm3, 5.02 cm2, 1.26 cm2, 92.85%. The shell ratio percent obtained 52.81%. Design and manufacture of post harvest processing machines for hazelnuts to supply high quality products is inevitable. The sizing of hazelnuts for marketing and other processes such as the cracking for kernel production with fewer losses is necessary. The basis of design is based on the diverging belt. In this device, the belt to form an endless rope that is wrapped around of driven and drive rollers groove. The distance between the ropes at the entrance of the product (the end of the driven roller) is small and gradually to the other end (drive roller) becomes larger. Hazelnuts are fed onto the belt with a feeding unit. Hazelnuts are moving forward by moving the ropes as it passes through the outlet of the tray in three size group small (size 14 mm), medium (14 mm ΅ά size 16 mm) and large (size ΅έ 16 mm).
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