Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity of Different Taraxacum Species in Korea
2012
Chon, S.U., Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
Contents of phenolics and flavonoids, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity were investigated in the methanol extracts of three different Taraxacum species, Taraxacum coreanum, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Taraxacum officinale. Total phenolics content at 1000 mg kg-¹ was more present in shoot parts than in roots, and was highest in T. mongolicum shoot and root extracts (76.8 and 40.0 mg kg-¹, respectively), followed by T. coreanum and T. officinale (p less than 0.05). Total flavonoid level had same tendency to total phenolics among Taraxacum species, showing lower amounts (6.5~36.4 mg kg-¹) than total phenolics. The antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts from all the species dose-dependently increased. DPPH free radical scavenging activity at 1,000 mg kg-¹ was highest in shoot and root extracts from T. mongolicum by 89.6 and 83.4%, respectively. According to MTT assay, cell viability of Calu-6 (human pulmonary carcinoma) was lowest in the T. mongolicum shoot and root extracts (IC∧50 values=83.4 and 66.4 mg kg-¹, respectively), and followed by T. coreanum and T. officinale (lowest). Calu-6 was more sensitive to the extracts than SNU-601 (human gastric carcinoma). Antioxidative and anticancer activities in three different Taraxacum species was more correlated with total phenolics content (r²=0.0097 to 0.6213) than with total flavonoids level (r²=0.0027 to 0.4627). The results showed total phenolics content and total flavonoids level were highly correlated with anticancer activity and antioxidant activity, and their content and activities were different depending on species.
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