The impact of climatic variations on the role and sustainable management of natural ecosystems in the Middle Atlas (Afenourir wetland area case)
2012
M., Qarro | M., Ezzahiri
The Afenourir lake (wetland area; 33 degrees 17’N - 5 degrees 16’W) is located in the Central Middle Atlas of Morocco south of Ifrane province about 30km south of Azrou. The lake is part of the perimeter of Ifrane National Park as established in October 2004. It belongs to the Western Palearctic biogeography region. Afennourir area has several land statutes that are subject to rights of land use and various other regulations: (i) the ethnic use tenure, under the authority of the Interior Ministry, (ii) the private domain of the State, this is the forest area which is under the tutelage of forest department, (iii) the swamp area is under the supervision of the watershed hydraulic agency of Sebou. The Afennourir site constitutes important water resources to local people in this area where the physical land characteristics do not allow the storage of rainwater and snowmelt and to develop real rivers. Therefore, the waters of the lake are highly coveted as evidenced by the large number of wells around the lake especially in the eastern part. At present, the area knows the existence of illegal forty wells. The pumping of water from these wells knows great importance.Water withdrawals, either for domestic or for watering the cattle, are valued to 180 m3 per day. This quantity pumped at the wells has a direct effect on the lake since both are fed from shallow aquifer. This situation is more aggravated by climatic conditions which are often dry and which are favorable to the habitat establishments around the lake leading to livestock concentration in the area increasing the needs for water and forage.
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