[Effect of several levels of mineral nutrition on some physiological and production of Jaffa. orange in the province of Tartous]

This study was carried out in an orchard in Akkar plain located 30 km from Tartus city, during 2011 to 2014.on 15 years old Jaffa orange trees crafted on sour orange. The research consisted of tow main parts. The first is a mineral nutrition study investigating the effect of land fertilization with different levels of potassium and nitrogen, with and without foliar application at two different rates on growth and yield of Jaffa orange. The second is investigating the effects of different organic fertilizer types on yield and growth Jaffa. Orange. At mineral nutrition treatment of multi fertilization with high level of nitrogen and foliar nutrition causes rising at percentage of the third season from the first in compare with the second season, and decreasing intensity of alternate in compare with control treatment, then that treatment overcomes at other treatments by yield, corn size, set percentage, and juice chemical characteristics (vitamin C, percentage of total soluble solids (TSS), mature factor), in addition to that the physical characteristics of fruit (fruit diameter and height) increased in significant value. Fruit of trees treatment with high level of potassium and foliar nutrition have more cortex thickness than other treatments; fruit size increased in the seasons 2011 and 2013 over than season 2013 because of high yield in this season. multi fertilization treatments with foliar nutrition in the high level was the best by its content of Vitamin C in compare with multi fertilization treatments with foliar nutrition treatments in low level, trees of treatment with high level of potassium and foliar nutrition overcomes at another treatments by juice characteristics (juice weight and size, vitamin C, mature factor), trees of land fertilization (N: P2O5: K2O) (1: 0.5: 0.5) overcomes at another trees of land fertilization treatments by yield, size and load of crown in both seasons (2011, 2013) but about set percentage increase of treatment A1 was not significant. Fruit of Treatments trees (0.5:0.5:1) and (1:0.5:0.5) overcome at other treatments by volume and the weight of juice, percentage of Total Soluble Solids, vitamin C and mature factor, but percentage of acidity of control fruit was highest in all seasons. Treea of Lonely land fertilization treatments overcome at trees of lonely foliar nutrition treatments by volume and weight of juice, weight and volume of fruit and Vitamin C. Fruits of Control treatment were less homogeneity and more extended than other treatments, Correlation Factor between the percentage of acidity and Total Soluble Solids was high and negative, and There was positive correlation factor between yield and crown volume. It had been noticed decreased at contents leaf of foliar nutrition treatments trees and land fertilizers treatments trees at second season by N, P, K, Mg and some 13 microelements, and It had been noticed gradually decreased at leaf contents of microelements nutrients (Fe, Mn, B, Zn) at land fertilization treatments, although correlation Factor between leaf contents of N, P, K, Mg and yield was high and positive, and correlation factor between microelements nutrients generally and vitamin C was high and positive. At Organic nutrition trees of organic treatment with cow manure overcomes at all other treatments with a significant difference by yield, crown volume, set percentage in significant differences, and There were positive correlation between crown volume and yield, also thate treatment overcomes by physical characteristics of fruit and juice, on the other hand, trees of organic treatment with bird manure overcomes at all other treatments by percentage of Total Soluble Solids and vitamin C, while fruit of control treatment trees was the less, and correlation Factor between the percentage of acidity and Total Soluble Solids was high and negative.