Removal of coliform bacteria from municipal wastewater by algae
2016
Ahmad, F. (Government Coll. Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Sustainable Development Study Centre) | Iftikhar, A. (Government Coll. Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Sustainable Development Study Centre) | Ali, A.S. (Government Coll. Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Sustainable Development Study Centre) | Shabbir, S.A. (Government Coll. Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Sustainable Development Study Centre) | Wahid, A. (Bahauddin Zakariya Univ., Multan (Pakistan). Dept. of Environmental Science) | Mohy-u-Din, N. (Government Coll. Univ., Lahore (Pakistan). Sustainable Development Study Centre) | Rauf, A. (University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Pakistan). Dept. of Zoology)
The present work was conducted in Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore. The focus of the study was the removal of coliform bacteria from municipal wastewater by Rhizoclonium implexum, a freshwater algal species. Experiments were conducted on the basis of pond size, algal and water quantity and optimum conditions were determined i.e. Pond size (P2), algal quantity (150 g) and wastewater quantity (7 liters). In this study maximum percent reduction for Chemical oxygen demand (99.4%), Biochemical oxygen demand (99.5%), Total solids (95.1%), Total dissolved solids (97.2%), Total suspended solids (96.1%), Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (98.2%), Total phosphorus (96.8%), Total coliforms (100%) and Faecal coliforms (100%) were obtained. Increase in accumulation of nitrogen (10.75 to 34.9mg/g), phosphorus (257.40 to 268.lppm) and organic matter (290 to 315.3mg/g) in algal biomass were also observed besides other operating parameters. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand of treated sewage were found in NEQS (2000) permissible limits while total coliform and faecal coliform were totally removed from sewage by Rhizoclonium implexum therefore, it could be an efficient technique for sewage effluent treatment.
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