Avalanche simulation in surrounding of settlement Magurka with ELBA+ model
2013
Bartík Martin | Hríbik Matúš | Škvarenina Jaroslav
In our thesis we focused on advanced software applications to enable simulation of an avalanche. We use these programs in assessing vulnerability of mountain environments by avalanche hits as well as in dimensioning technical measures against avalanches. We used a model ELBA+, by which we tried to assess the vulnerability of mountain environments around the old mining settlement called Magurka (1036 m a.s.l.), which lies below the main ridge of Low Tatras at the end of Ľupčianská valley. The avalanche in the valley Ďurková from 14 th March 1970 was written in history because it is still one of the largest avalanches recorded in Slovakia. Using archived data of Avalanche prevention Center in Jasná, we tried its most faithful reconstruction. Then we tried to simulate the avalanche of identical size in the present state of the forest, which allowed us to quantify the retarding effect of the forest on the avalanche path. In the next procedure we dealt with climate change, especially the possible increase of the forest up to the point of 1600 m a.s.l. and the influence of this effect on the scale of the avalanche. In the last procedure we tried to simulate an avalanche in the valley Viedenka using the same amount of snow in the release zone as it was supposed to be in 1970. The results confirm the limited retarding effect of the forest in the avalanche path within such large avalanches. However, the forest has a very positive influence on the release zone to reduce the size of an avalanche.
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