Field performance of PhilRice-bred experimental rice hybrids (Oryza sativa L.)
2016
Carampatana, J.E. | Ablaza, M.S.F. | Caguiat, J.D.
Field trials of promising rice hybrids at multiple nurseries are important in identifying well-adapted and stable genotypes. This study aimed to evaluate hybrid rice testcrosses for grain yield, and important morpho-agronomic traits in single and multiple test locations. Data for two dry and two wet seasons for plant height at maturity (cm), productive tiller count, maturity (DAS), and grain yield (kg/ha) were recorded and analyzed from reproductive hills, drawing genotype selections for single-site (Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines) tests for observational nursery (ON), and preliminary yield trial (PYT). Multi-location yield trials (MYT) were conducted in four spatially distant test sites (Munoz, Nueva Ecija; San Mateo Isabela; Ligao, Albay; Murcia, Negros Occidental) per season using RCB with three replications. Selections in the ON recorded yields ranging from 10,000 to 17,100 kg/ha, while PYT selection recorded yield ranging from 7,000 to 10,184 kg/ha. ANOVA for all parameters for both nurseries, including morphoagronomic traits revealed significant (alpha = 0.01) differences among genotypes except for a few season x nursery x trait combinations. Using Pearson's product-moment correlation, both tiller number and plant height for ON, and only tiller number for PYT were highly correlated (r2 = greater than or equal to 0.30) to grain yield. For MYT, grain yield means demonstrated considerable differences among test sites, suggesting variances in adaptability. With emphasis on yield, location means vary indicating a divide between clusters of high-yielding sites, and less optimal sites which may be explained by stress occurrence, either abiotic or biotic. Selected entries at each nursery are seed produced prior to elevation towards subsequent test nurseries. At a long term, data collected can contribute to investigation of genetic gains, and other relevant studies.
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