Use of probiotics as growth promoters and immunostimulators in fingerlings of cyprinid fish species
2014
Ljubojević, D. (Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Živkov-Baloš, M. (Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Mihaljev, Ž. (Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Jakšić, S. (Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad (Serbia)) | Đorđević, V. (Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Radosavljević, V. (Scientific Veterinary Institute of Serbia, Belgrade (Serbia)) | Ćirković, M. (Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Novi Sad (Serbia))
Intensive aquaculture production has required the development of an individual’s resistance to disease rather than depending upon antibiotics or chemotherapeutics. The role of gastrointestinal microflora in disease resistance has been established in many fish species, which has led to the concept of manipulating gastrointestinal microflora for better health management. A number of studies has been conducted in different fish species with various useful microorganisms called ‘probiotics’ to amplify gastrointestinal microflora to fight against various infectious diseases. Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms which protect the host from diseases. Probiotic protection can be achieved by various mechanisms. Most probiotics used in aquaculture belong to the lactic acid bacteria, the genus Bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the yeast, notwithstanding other genera and species have also been used. The immunostimulatory effect of probiotics has been established in many fish species, but their direct involvement in the immune response is not well established. It has also been proven that the application of probiotics in aquaculture has beneficial effects on growth of fish as well as on the environment. At present, data about the efficacy of probiotics in commercial aquaculture of Serbia is still lacking. This review discusses mainly the studies and applications about effects, problems and perspectives of probiotics used in fingerlings of cyprinid fish species, and highlights immunostimulatory effects and growth promotion effects of commercial probiotic products. In the present paper the results that show positive influence of probiotics in cyprinides nutrition on production performance and immune system are summarized. Special accent is given to criteria for proper selection of probiotics in cyprinides production.
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