Cre/<i>lox</i> technologies for plant transformation.
2006
Srivastava, V. | Nicholson, S. J.
Several methods for transferring foreign genes into plant cells have been developed in last 20 years; however, very little progress has been made towards controlling transgene integration into the plant genome. Since stable transgene expression entails precise single-copy integration, controlling the integration process is extremely important for optimizing transformation technologies. One of the most effective strategies for engineering single-copy structure is utilization of site-specific recombination (SSR) systems derived from prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes. Cre/<i>lox</i>, FLP/<i>FRT</i>, R/<i>RS</i> and FC31 are some of the SSR systems shown to be functional in plant cells, with Cre/<i>lox</i> displaying the highest efficiency among all. When Cre recombinase is available, sequences bordered by <i>lox</i> sites may excise or invert, dependent upon the relative orientation of interacting <i>lox</i> sites. This principle has been utilized for developing a number of different technologies, including marker gene deletion and transgene integration. Owing to its remarkable efficiency and undetectable toxicity in plant cells, Cre/<i>lox</i> system has emerged as one of the most promising tools for plant biotechnology.
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