Native corn accessions as sources of resistance against the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee)and corn weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) for crop improvement and pest management options
2016
Caasi-Lit, M.T. | Novio, B.V. | de Leus, E.G.
Native corn germplasm accessions was screened for resistance against the Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee), and the corn weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky). ACB field trials were done in IPB-UPLB [Institute of Plant Breeding-University of the Philippines Los Baños] for two dry seasons and one wet season 2014 to 2015. Leaf disc bioassays at 30 days after planting (DAP) and 45 DAP (n=60) and stalk-bar bioassays (n=30) at 45, 60 and 75 DAP, were done. Weevil damage was also observed for three months. Results showed that the native accessions react variedly to ACB pressure under the laboratory conditions. UPLB Cn108 had the lowest field damage rating and markedly reduced neonatal survival (29.34%) together with UPLB Cn40 (25.13%) and UPLB Cn24 (30.67%). Borer tunnels were shortest in UPLB Cn108, followed by F-30 less than UPLB Cn82 less than UPLBCn73 less than UPLB Cn98 less than UPLB Cn79 less than UPLB Cn91 and UPLB Cn75 (less than 1cm). UPLB Cn31 and UPLB Cn78 exhibited intermediate weevil damage resistance (2.00 +- 0.41 and 2.00 +- 0.00, respectively). These results suggested that ACB and weevil resistance may be available in native corn. Screening of more varieties and insect resistance mechanisms studies are underway. Data will be used to develop corn breeding populations with ACB and weevil resistance in the tropics.
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