Production and foreign trade in vegetables in Poland
2018
Tarnowska, A., Wroclaw Univ. of Economics (Poland) | Kowalska, A., Wroclaw Univ. of Economics (Poland)
Vegetables are an important part of the diet, but their consumption is still too low. An increase in demand for these crops is expected. Poland has large resources of land and work in agriculture, which is inefficient. Growing vegetables is a competitive branch of Polish agriculture. Their share in the global crop production in Poland has been steadily increasing. The aim of the study was to analyse and evaluate changes in the production and foreign trade in vegetables in Poland. The analysis showed that the area of vegetable cultivation decreased in the period 2000−2016 by 26.3 %. Production decreased by 2 %. In the production structure, more expensive qualitative vegetables displace cheaper volumetric vegetables. The observed increase in Polish vegetable exports was halted by the Russian embargo. The largest recipient of Polish vegetables is Germany, the largest supplier − Spain. Since 2012, the export coverage ratio (TC) has been increasing only in the exchange of Poland with the new EU Member States. The intra-industry trade indicator showed a declining trend. The Polish trade in vegetables is dominated by vertical exchange with low-value products. Since 2015, the marginal share of high-quality products has been seen in trade. The share of horizontal exchange of vegetables is decreasing. Poland exports cheap vegetable products and imports more expensive. In recent years, the development of Polish vegetable sector has been stopped.
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