Impact of tillage on yield and quality traits of grains of spring wheat cultivars
2019
Sulek, A., Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Inst., Pulawy (Poland) | Wyzinska, M., Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Inst., Pulawy (Poland) | Cacak-Pietrzak, G., Warsaw Univ. of Life Sciences (Poland)
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of different tillage methods on the yield and quality characteristics of spring wheat grain. Field tests were carried out in 2013 and 2014 in the Agricultural Experimental Station of Osiny, belonging to the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation − State Research Institute in Puławy. Two tillage methods of plough tillage (conventional tillage) and ploughless tillage (simplified tillage) as well as two spring wheat cultivars – Kandela (common wheat) and SMH 87 (durum wheat), were used in the study. The grain yield and its components were evaluated. Selected qualitative traits of grains were evaluated – total protein content, amount and quality of gluten, and activity of amylolytic enzymes. The influence of the tillage method on the yield of spring wheat was variable in years. In 2013, spring wheat obtained a higher yield (by 10 %) cultivated by conventional tillage compared to ploughless tillage. In 2014 there was no impact of soil cultivation on the yield of spring wheat. Lower wheat grain yield in the conditions of ploughless tillage in comparison with the obtained conditions of conventional tillage was mainly conditioned by a lower number of ears per unit area and a lower weight of 1000 grains, and to a less extent, by a decrease in the number of grains per ear. The quality traits of grains depended to a greater degree on the wheat genotype than on the applied tillage method.
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