Caraway diseases observed in 2019 and 2020 | Novērotās ķimeņu slimības 2019. un 2020. gadā
2020
Eberlina, E., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Bimsteine, G., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Food Technology
Caraway (Carum carvi L.) is one of the most widely grown herbs. Its seeds are used in medicine, perfumery and food industry. It is a biennial or perennial plant that can be successfully grown industrially. However, the monoculture caraway is more at risk of contracting with the fungal diseases. The plant itself, its roots and seeds can become infected, which significantly reduces the amount of yield. Caraway can be infected by fungi of different genera – Septoria, Phomopsis, Alternaria, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Botrytis, and Sclerotinia. No research on diseases that can be observed in caraway sowings and how devastating they might be has been carried out in Latvia. The aim of the present research was to diagnose caraway diseases and identify their causal agents. The study was carried out on a farm in Nīgrande parish, Saldus district, in 2019 and 2020. On the farm, caraway variety ‘Record’ was grown in a 20-ha field for three years. Caraway diseases were recorded regularly throughout the growing season. The dominant diseases were different leaf spots caused by the genera Alternaria and Fusarium, anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp., and blossom blight caused by Alternaria spp. The dominant pathogen observed on caraway seeds was also from the genus Alternaria. Sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was observed in the 2020 harvest. The research should be continued, as many questions still remain unclear and the results obtained not always coincided with the findings of researchers from other countries.
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