Формирование структуры урожая пшеницы озимой в зависимости от сроков посева и предшественников в правобережной лесостепи Украины
2016
Протопиш, И. Г. (Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Vinnytsia (Ukraine)
The influence of sowing dates (the second decade of September and the first decade of October)and preceding crops on the formation of yield components of the early-ripening wheat variety Belotserkovskayaand mid-ripening variety Tsarevna was studied using as preceding crops bare fallow and perennial leguminousherbs. Regardless of the preceding crop and variety the formation of productive stalks density increased atsowing in the first decade of October, compared with the sowing in the second decade of September. Latesowing dates resulted in longer ear length: by 1.3 cm for the semi-dwarf variety Belotserkovskaya after barefallow and for the variety Tsarevna – by 1.7 cm, while after perennial leguminous herbs the length was shorterby 0.1 - 0.2 cm. The number of spikelets and grains per ear increases when growing winter wheat on bare fallowand sowing it in the first decade of October. At the same time, grain weight per ear depended on the density ofproductive stalks and decreased at a higher density, regardless of sowing dates and preceding crops. Thus,we can conclude that later dates of winter wheat sowing after bare fallow and perennial leguminous cropsresults in the best agro-ecological conditions leading to the formation of the optimum yield componentscompared with the early period.
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