Entomopatogene nematode, prirodni neprijatelji štetnih insekata / Role of entomopathogenic nematodes in insect pests management
2020
Ivezic, Aleksandar (Department of Forecasting and Warning Service in plant protection, Kikinda (Serbia))
In the programmes of biological control, a large number of different ben- eficial organisms are applied, including certain groups of nematodes. From the aspect of biocontrol measures, the most significant group of nematodes is ento- mopathogenic nematodes, which represents both natural and ecological solution for pest control management. The protection success relies on the specific-mu- tualistic relationship between nematodes and bacteria, where nematodes in its intestinal carries cells of a symbiotic bacterium that kills the host insect. Regard- ing nematode-related biological control, two families draw the most attention, Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae. Within family Steinernematidae, the genus Steinernema stands out, while within Heterorhabditidae the most import- ant genus is Heterorhabditis. Entomopatogenic nematodes have been used to con- trol numerous agricultural pests, which include insects of different orders such as: Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Blattodea, Orthoptera and Heteroptera. Entomopathogenic nematodes are characterized by numerous traits that make them extremely suitable biological control agents: wide host spectrum, active host seeking, killing the host within 48 hours, easy mass production and field application, long-term efficacy, compatibility with most chemicals and en- vironmentally safe.
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