PEARL MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM (L.) R.BR) - NEW CULTURE IN AGRICULTURE OF CENTRAL RUSSIA
2020
S.O. Gurinovich | Zotikov, V.I. | Sidorenko, V.S.
Pearl millet – Pennisetum glaucum (L. ) R.Br. or Pennisetum americanum (L.) Schuman is the most common millet culture in the world. The main production of Pearl millet is concentrated in India (11 million hectares and 9.5 million tons of grain), as well as in countries of Central, North-East and West Africa (16 million hectares and 13.3 million tons of grain). In the USSR, culture on small areas was grown in the Aral Sea region (Kazakhstan), in Russia – in the Altai Territory. For the development of selection of non-traditional culture for central Russia, the best varieties-standards of domestic and foreign selection were identified that overlap the spectrum of variety and variation of characters with the maximum availability and objectivity of research. Variety standards are necessary for the study and successful testing of new breeding material. For the first time, 2 new varieties of Pearl millet were created: Sogur and Gurso, which are suitable for cultivation for fodder purposes in various regions of the country. These varieties allow you to expand the area of culture and provide seed production of 2-4 t/ha in the northern part of the Central Black Earth region. Sogur variety is characterized by accelerated initial development, rapid and friendly ear emergence, flowering and ripening. In the green biomass of the new Gurso variety, the content of absolutely dry matter ranged from 15.1 to 18.0%. Absolutely dry matter of a new variety contains 0.69 feed units, metabolic energy 9.25 MJ, crude protein 14.6%, digestible protein 9.5%, fiber 27.3%, sugar 10.5%. In production tests in the Oryol region, the yield of new varieties was about 2 t/ha, green mass - more than 4 t/ha.
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