Screening de variétés de blé dur adaptées à l’agroforesterie
2016
Cervello, Laura
français. Nowadays, plant breeding is running in full sun condition. But with the agroforestry development, which is tree and crop association, the shade becomes a new factor that can heavily decrease the yield of this type of variety. The challenge now is to develop variety bred in shade condition, showing their full potential in agroforestry systems. The research question is: Which variety or varietal characteristics can provide optimization of agroforestry production? The study occurs in Mediterranean zone and on durum wheat. Twelve durum wheat varieties are tested; ones are stem from breeding programs and others known as ancient (without preliminary breeding). The experiment plan is composed by two types of production (agroforestry and crop control) and three repetitions. The yield and the component of the yield were studied in order to observe if shade tolerance exist for these varieties. This year was really cloudy, so the radiation available under the trees was a limiting factor for the crop. The agroforestry yield is negatively impacted with a reduction of 71,34 % compared to crop control. The number of grain per spike is the component the most impacted by the lack of light, and it is reduced by 62,03 % compared to the crop control. Even though the identification of a single variety was not possible, the trends observed are a shade tolerance on the yield for the variety Pop Algérie 2 (ancient variety) and on the number of grain per spike for the variety Claudio (bred variety).
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