Numerical determination of low pressure gas injector flow characteristics depending on outlet nozzle diameter
2020
Szpica, D., Bialystok Univ. of Technology (Poland) | Borawski, A., Bialystok Univ. of Technology (Poland) | Mieczkowski, G., Bialystok Univ. of Technology (Poland)
The paper presents the results of numerical calculations using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The research includes the low pressure gas injector, where the outlet nozzle diameter was adopted as the variable. The gas injector is a component of the alternative fuel supply system for internal combustion engines. It might be used in both liquefied petroleum gas and compressed natural gas supply systems. One of the parameters that can be regulated during the conversion of the engine from the classic to the alternative fuel system is the outlet nozzle diameter, which limits the flow through the injector. If the capabilities of the fuel supply and engine control unit do not give satisfactory results, then the diameter of the injector nozzle might be corrected. The problem is important, because at the moment there is a special emphasis on the composition and overall emissions, therefore the supply system must be efficient and operate with the assumed accuracy. In the article, numerical calculations were carried out using software dedicated to flow calculations, according to the adopted scenario, in terms of specific boundary conditions. For formal reasons, it was necessary to simplify the solid model. Simplifications did not have a significant impact on the final results, but they allowed to reduce the simulation time. Finally, it was decided to validate the results of numerical calculations on a real object. For this purpose, experimental tests were carried out at the original stand using a flow meter, where it was possible to exchange outlet nozzles with different diameter. The results of numerical calculations were compared with the results of experimental studies. There are clear similarities between them; the mean prediction error value was 6.58 %. An important feature of numerical calculations is the possibility, apart from quantitative and qualitative assessment, to achieve data, which is difficult or even impossible to gather by the experimental method.
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