Rebuilding organic matter in Ukrainian chernozems throughthe use of organic amendments
2019
Skrylnyk, I. (National Scientific Center «Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky», Kharkiv (Ukraine) | Hetmanenko, V. (National Scientific Center «Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky», Kharkiv (Ukraine) | Kutova, A. (National Scientific Center «Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky», Kharkiv (Ukraine)
Analysis of agricultural soils quality in different agro-climatic zones of Ukraine proofed the process of soil degradation in the country. From one hectare of agricultural land up to 0.5-0.6 ton of humus is lost annually. It means that restoration of soil organic matter should be the option number one for Ukraine. The data of humus content dynamics in terms of regions and soil-climatic zones of Ukraine for the period from 1882 to 2010 is summarized. The impact of different doses, application methods and joint use of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil organic matter is analyzed. The conceptual basis of the use of organic fertilizers to manage soil organic matter is given. A differentiated approach to organic fertilizers recipes depending on soil and climatic conditions of its application is proposed. Heightening of efficiency of organic fertilizers for optimization of soil humus can be achieved by increasing organic matter income into a soil, desirably chemically "mature", and creation of conditions for their fixing, through compliance with the recommended doses, methods and timing of application. It is calculated that the positive balance of humus in the soil of Ukraine is possible in terms of the involvement of all nontradable crops and carbonaceous materials (manure, litter, peat, sapropel, etc.) as organic fertilizers. There is necessity to improve regulatory methodological basis and to strengthen control of organic fertilizers quality in Ukraine.
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