Molecular screening of oil palm germplasm collections (Elaeis guineensis) using EST -SSR markers
2008
Zulkifli, Y. | Maizura, I. | Rajinder S.
MPOB has initiated the oil palm genetic resources programme including collection, evaluation, utilization and conservation of oil palm germplasm. The objectives of this study are to estimate genetic variability parameters on the basis of microsatellite DNA assays and determine the genetic structure of the germ plasm collections. A total of 330 palms originated from 11 countries in Africa were screened using 10 EST-SSR primers. Data were analyzed using Biosys-1 software to calculate genetic variability parameters. It was found that the germplasm collections exhibited high level of genetic diversity. Most of the loci tested were 100% polymorphic at 0.95 criterion. A total 46 alleles were detected across all the germplasm collection. Of these, 3 were considered as rare alleles. Populations from Nigeria showed highest number of alleles per locus and highest number of rare alleles, high percentage of polymorphic loci and high heterozygosity suggesting that Nigeria may be the centre of diversity of wild oil palm. This study also revealed that Madagascar germplasm are unique and different compared to the oil palm populations from the African mainland. Based on the dendrogram constructed, the germplasm collections could be divided into 3 clusters; cluster 1 consist of Angola, Tanzania, Cameroon, Nigeria, Zaire, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Ghana germplasm, cluster 2 consist of Gambia and Senegal germplasm and Madagascar germplasm positioned in cluster 3. The mean genetic distance across MPOB germplasm collections was 0.230.
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