Factors influencing callogenesis and embryogenesis in oil palm cultures
2009
Reflini | Forster, B. P. | Nelson, S. P. C. | Caligari, P. D. S.
A number of factors influence tissue culture of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) for clone production. These include: composition of the culture medium, culture environment and genotype of the source material. The concentration, combination and sequence of growth regulators are key factors for tissue culture success, but carbohydrate source has also been identified as having a major influence on callus and embryo induction. Maltose was found to be the best carbohydrate source for embryogenesis. MS culture medium that contained 3% maltose as a carbohydrate source was found to be better than media containing 3% sucrose. Increased sucrose concentrations (up to 6%) decreased callus and somatic embryo production. Of the three sugars tested, glucose gave the poorest results in terms of callus and embryo production. In further experiments with auxins at the pretreatment liquid medium stage, it was found that all treatments of 7.5 ppm of 2,4-D rather than 5 ppm resulted in more embryos at subsequent culture stages.
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