Application of molecular tools for managing wild genetic resources in Australian freshwater crustaceans
2009
Carini, Giovanella | Bentley, Andrew | Masci, Kate | Page, Tim | Hughes, Jane M. | Sharma, Suman | Cook, Ben
Major threat to the conservation of aquatic genetic diversity are the fragmentation of population by building dams and weirs and extraction of water for irrigation, the degradation of aquatic habitat and the movement of water and animals between drainage systems. This paper presents molecular data on the Australian freshwater prawn Macrobrachium australiense to demonstrate the use of molecular markers in the conservation and management of genetic diversity in this species. First, mitochondrial DNA sequence data is presented to test hypotheses concerning historical drainage structure. Comparisons are made across four major drainage basins, the Gulf of Carpentaria, Lake Eyre, the Murray Darling and coastal southeast Queensland. The risks of moving animals between these basins are discussed in the light of evidence from another freshwater shrimp, Paratya australiensis. Second, mitochondrial sequence data and allozymes are used to compare patterns of connectivity within each of these basins. each situated in a different landscape type. Third, microsatellite markers are used to assess movement between adjacent waterholes in a single river system. Finally, the potential for using genetic data to identify aquatic bioregions is assessed, first based on M. australiense data and then on other crustacean and fish species sampled across the same regions.
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