The influence of textural and chemical properties of palm kernel shell activated carbon on the adsorption capacity and desorption efficiency of β-carotene in a model system
2019
M., Ulfah | Raharjo, S. | P., Hastuti | Darmadji, P.
The objectives of the present work were to characterise the textural and chemical properties of palm kernel shell activated carbon (PKSAC) prepared by chemical activation using phosphoric acid and its influence on the adsorption capacity and desorption efficiency of β-carotene in a model system. The PKSAC was prepared by impregnation of the precursor in phosphoric acid solution at ratios of 2 and 3 mL/g, and carbonisation at 500°C for 30, 45, 60 and 75 min. The results showed that the yield of all PKSAC was not significantly different. The PKSAC under impregnation ratio of 3 mL/g had higher surface area, total pore volume, mesopore and micropore volume than those at 2 mL/g. This resulted in the increase in β-carotene adsorption capacity by PKSAC at 3 mL/g. The textural properties of PKSAC and adsorption capacity under different carbonisation times were not significantly different. The PKSAC under impregnation ratio of 2 mL/g and carbonisation for 60 min (AC260) yielded the lowest non-polar surface functional group, whereas AC230 the highest. Non-polar surface functional groups might have increased the adsorption capacity but decreased the desorption efficiency, which was contrary with the polar functional group. AC260 also yielded the lowest adsorption capacity of β-carotene onto the PKSAC in a model system but yielded the highest desorption efficiency
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