Allozymic variation in banana cultivars
2000
Nor Salina M. Z. | Daud S. K. | Marziah M.
Allozyme variation among and within 3 varieties of wild banana, namely, berangan (AA group), nangka (AAB group) and novaria (AAA group) were detected using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Genetic variation between somaclonal and wild bananas of the same varieties were also compared to determine any changes in their genetic composition. Of 14 loci examined, 6 loci (43%) were found to be polymorphic (P 095) at least in one of the varieties. They are GPl*, MDH-l *. MDH-2*. EST-l *. EST-2* and ALP-l *. Of seven enzyme systems only 4 exhibited scorable loci. The mean heterozygosity per locus were 0.287, 0.417 and 0.235 for berangan, nangka and novaria, respectively. In berangan and novaria , the number of loci were generally reduced in their somaclonal samples compared to the wild ones, especially loci produced by MDH, EST and ALP enzymes. In nangka, the number of loci produced by GPI and EST enzymes was greater in the somaclonal samples compared to the wild samples. Dendrogram based on genetic distances and UPGMA showed that berangan and novaria were clustered together with the genetic distance of 0.099 while nangka was distantly separated from the other two varieties with the genetic distance of 0.320.
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