Can purple nustsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) reduce the yield of transplanted rice under flooded condition?
2019
Jimenez, J.J.L. | Donayre, D.K.M. | Latonio, A.M.L.S. | Martir, E.C.
Purple nutsedge has been reported to reduce yield of many major crops from 6 to 100% by way of competition on nutrients, water, and sunlight. Under upland condition, full competition of the weed reduced the yield of upland rice up to 42%. Its effect on yield of rice under irrigated-lowland condition, however, is still unknown. A screenhouse experiment was conducted at PhilRice CES from Feb to May 2019 to a ) determine the effect of purple nutsedge on growth and development of transplanted rice at different tuber densities, and b) quantify losses on grain yield due to interference of the weed under flooded condition. Eight 21-day old seedlings of NSIC Rc222 were transplanted in plastic boxes (0.54 x 42 cm LW) and allowed to grow with purple nutsedge at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 tuber densities. Each box with rice and purple nutsedge was replicated 5 times and arranged in RCBD. Height, no. of leaves and tillers, yield components, and yield rice were gathered. Data were subjected to ANOVA while treatment means were compared through Fisher's LSD at .05 level of significance. Statistical analysis revealed that number of leaves and tillers hill, shoot dry weight, and number of panicles m-2 of transplanted rice were significantly affected by purple nutsedge particularly when the weed was allowed to compete at initial tuber densities of 10, 15, and 20. Height plant, root dry weight, number of spikelets, percent spikelets, weight of 1000 grains, and grain yield (kg ha-1) were not significantly affected. Despite the insignificant differences, grain yield losses of 2.34, 16.1, 17.3 and 26.7% were still observed due to interference of purple nutsedge at 5, 10, 15, and 20 tuber densities, respectively. The results suggest that purple nutsedge is capable of reducing grain yield of transplanted rice under flooded condition.
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