Association between serum B12 and folate levels and manifestations of oral lesions in HIV adult patients
2018
Puspasari, Dewi | Diah Herawati, Dewi Marhaeni | Sufiawati, Irna
Introduction : Micronutrient deficiencies are common in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. The long-term side effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART), specifically Azidothymine (AZT), include low serum levels of vitamin B₁₂ and folate, which in turn, lead to megaloblastic anaemia and oral lesions. Methods : A crosssectional study was conducted to determine the associations between manifestation of oral lesions and serum vitamin B₁₂ and folate levels in HIV-adult patients with or without receiving ART therapy. Oral lesions were determined based on the ECClearinghouse diagnostic criteria. Serum vitamin B₁₂ and folate were assessed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Sixty participants (48 males and 12 females) aged 20 to 51 years were recruited from a private hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. Results : Subnormal levels of serum vitamin B₁₂ and folate were found in 16.6% and 6.7% HIV patients, respectively. Significantly lower serum levels of vitamin B₁₂ and folate were shown in HIV patients receiving ART than those without ART. Oral lesions were found in all the participants with subnormal levels of serum vitamin B₁₂ and folate. Presence of oral lesions was significantly associated with low levels of serum vitamin B₁₂ in HIV patients with ART, but not with low folate levels. Conclusion : Low levels of serum vitamin B₁₂ and folate were shown in HIV patients, indicating the need for early nutritional intervention to ensure optimal nutritional status and prevention of oral lesions in HIV patients
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