Modelling the development of resistance to Bt corn in the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), in the Philippines
2018
Benigno, E.A. | Lit, M.C.
Fifteen years of planning Bt corn in the Philippines resulted to greater economic gain among corn farmers and better insect pest management system against the target pest, the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furcalis (Guenee). However, the development of insect resistance is inevitable and monitoring is crucial to predict its onset and prepare for mitigating measures. This paper aimed to develop a model for the Asian corn borer incorporating the basic features of other models that are applicable to Philippine conditions. A simulation model was developed using Stella B software with spatial and temporal refuge, and movements among areas Bt/non � Bt cornand non-crop alternate host areas. Based on our simulations, the following can be taken as danger signs for resistance development; high initial proportion of resistant alleles (5%), high temperature development and rainfall, and continuous and asynchronous cropping. Comparative simulations of two contrasting major corn-growing areas showed the resistance development in Cagayan, near Isabela in northern Luzon with higher rainfall and temperature, could be faster and at a higher level than in General Santos City, Southern Mindanao.
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