Детекција биоактивних супстанци одабраних врста гљива рода Ganoderma (Basidiomycota) и њихова биолошка активност | Detection of bioactive substances selected fungal species of the genus Ganoderma (Basidiomycota) and their biological activity

Whitin this doctoral thesis the chemicalcomposition and biological activity of EtOH, H2O and CHCl3extracts of four fungal species which belong to genusGanoderma (phylum Basidiomycota): G. applanatum, G.lucidum, G. pfeifferi, G. resinaceum were determinated. Thesamples were collected from different localities inVojvodina. Chemical characterization included: AASmethods (compositon of macro- and microelements in d.w.of fungi) and LC-MS/MS technique (quantitative analysisof phenolic compounds and flavonoids) wherein the 12selected phenolic compounds were detected. The totalproteins, sugars, phenolics and flavonoids content weredetermined using spectrophotometric methods. Thehighest protein content was determined in EtOH extractsof G. applanatum and G. pfeifferi species. In order to assessthe biological potential, the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant,antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative andantidiabetic activities of the extracts were investigated.The antioxidant activity (the ability of neutralizingfree radicals and reduction potential) estimated by spectrophotometric methods. The highest antioxidantpotential was noticed in H2O extracts of G. applanatum.Evaluation of antimicrobial activity included theestimation of antibacterial, antifungal and antiviralactivity, whereby the species G. pfeifferi showed thehighest potential The anti-inflammatory activity of EtOHand CHCl3 extracts was determined by ex vivo methodmeasuring the ability of production inhibition ofinflammation mediators (products of arachidonic acidmetabolism), where the CHCl3 extracts were exhibitedbetter activity.The effect of EtOH and H2O extracts of Ganodermaspecies on the growth of the cell line MCF-7, has beenexamined using MTT assay (stand out ethanolic extracts ofanalyzed species after 72h incubation period).Achieved antidiabetic activity of EtOH and H2Oextracts of G. pfeifferi and G. resinaceum at alloxan-inducedD. mellitus in experimental animals was followed byregeneration of cells of Langerhans pancreatic islets.Extracts of G. resinaceum were allocated as a potentialnephro- and hepatoprotective agents.In summary, the overall biological potential of theanalyzed species of the genus Ganoderma based on resultsfor chemical and biological characterization indicate thatthey could be used as a nutraceuticals and foodsupplements in the future, with further the necessity ofadditional mycochemical investigation (especiallyterpenoids and polysaccharides) and other biologicalactivity such as neuroprotective.