Unlocking Central America's Export Potential

World Bank

Unlocking Central America's Export Potential

2012

World Bank

The Central America region is a small market. The region contains around 43 million inhabitants (0.6 percent of total world population) who generate around 0.25 percent of the world's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). While the region has successfully embarked on a regional integration agenda and has strong commercial links with the US, extra-regional trade-mainly with large fast-growing emerging economies-remains a challenge. Export performance is analyzed along three dimensions that, together, give a fairly comprehensive picture of competitiveness: 1) the composition, orientation and growth of the export basket; 2) the degree of export diversification across products and markets; and 3) the level of sophistication and quality of their main exports. This analysis allows exports dynamics at the different margins of trade (intensive, extensive, and quality) to be evaluated and individual countries' to be benchmarked with peers in the Central American region. The results of this report allow policy makers to identify key areas to explore in the overall discussion of export competitiveness in the Central American region. This paper relates to the literature on challenges and opportunities that trade liberalization can bring to the Central American region. Much of the recent literature focuses on the role of the free trade agreement negotiated by Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua, with the US.

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Mots clés AGROVOC

agricultural products agriculture developing countries domestic markets domestic production economic growth economic impact economic integration economic structure economics economists export subsidies exports feasibility studies fisheries foreign firms foreign investment foreign trade free trade globalization growth rate income income tax international labour organization international trade joint ventures market access metals natural resources real estate reinvestment shops technology transfer tourism trade barriers trade facilitation trade preferences unfair competition value added vertical integration wages world trade organization wto

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Communication technologies; Comparative advantages; National development; International investors; General agreement on tariffs; Export sector; Tax revenue; Business environment; Apparel manufacturing; Central bank; Common market; Foreign direct investment; Customs territory; Export sectors; Industrial policy; Investor demands; Regulatory frameworks; Apparel; Trade promotion; Free access to imports; Barrier; Trade policy; Comparative advantage; Sustainable growth; Small countries; Rules of origin; Global competitiveness; Regulatory environment; Free imports; Customs union; Apparel export; Special regimes; Regional integration; Regulatory framework; Export basket; Individual firms; Export performance requirements; Customs procedures; Apparel exports; Export diversification; Free zone; Customs; Environmental; Exporters; Private sector development; Export value; Crowding out; Apparel sector; Outsourcing; Stamp duties; Specialization; Policy decisions; Investment climate; Future growth; Commodity; Export share; Customs regime; Mutual recognition agreement; Foreign currency; Free trade agreement; Export incentives; Financial services; Domestic producers; Trade policy environment; Agreement on subsidies; Producers; Foreign investors; Skilled workers; Import duties; Policy environment; Mutual recognition arrangement; Intermediate inputs; Market size; Regional trade agreements; Free zones; Intermediate goods; Duty drawback; Transport costs; Tax exemptions; Business development; Apparel accounts; Domestic economy; Competitiveness; Income tax exemption; Trade promotion agency; Trade diversion; Output; Free access; Information system; Trade agreement; Business opportunities; Special incentives; Bond; Trade costs; Export performance; Epz; Competitive advantage; Free trade areas; Labor force; Investment opportunities; Incentive structure; Economic activity; Currency; Gdp; Job creation; Export processing; Free trade zone; Foreign markets; Domestic market; Regional trade; Foreign firm; Export processing zone; Foreign exchange; Corporate tax; International standards; Foreign trade promotion; Free trade zones; Export taxes; Benchmark; Market standards; Local currency; Customs administration; Commodity export; Harmonization; Export processing zones; Border trade; Mutual recognition; Domestic industries; Financial support; Free entry; Foreign suppliers; World trade; Competitive position; Gdp per capita; Knowledge spillovers; Domestic suppliers; Export volumes; Economic crisis; Labor costs; Investment policy; Trade competitiveness; Foreign companies; Trade partnership

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anglais

Sur AGRIS depuis: 2021-06-15

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27318

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Unlocking Central America's Export Potential

2012

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