Evaluation of new cultivars of pears, plums and cherries suitable for Latvian conditions
2022
GraviteGrāvīte, Ilze, Ilze | Feldmane, Daina
The novelty of the research is the breeding of new breeds in different regions of Latvia, comparing them with other breeds already grown on farms. In the spring of 2018, the demonstration project of the Rural Support Service “Distribution of pear, plum and/or cherry varieties suitable for Latvian conditions” was launched (Project No. 18-00-A00102-000007, LAD contract No. LAD 240118/P7) with the aim of demonstrating varieties of pears, plums and/or cherries suitable for Latvian conditions. Demonstration tasks that had to be performed in order to achieve the set goal: 1) development of methodology for the demonstration of varieties; 2) the use of breeding technologies appropriate to the variety to establish or maintain a plantation for demonstrations; 3) observations for comparison of prospective varieties with currently commercially grown varieties; 4) distribution of results and provision of publicity. The research was started on five farms in different regions of Latvia (Zemgale, Kurzeme, Vidzeme and Latgale). Demonstrations of pear and cherry varieties are set up at farm “Lejasdārzi” and “Kirši”, plum and demonstrations of cherry varieties – farm “Gaidas”, and demonstrations of plum varieties – farm “Vīksnas-1” and “Sprogas”. The article summarizes data for the period from 2018 to 2021. Demonstrations are arranged in loamy or loamy soils. Drought in the summer of 2019 significantly inhibited the growth of new shoots, especially for young trees on farms without irrigation, and also promoted breeding of aphids. All demo farms operate in an integrated cultivation system, and during this time implemented plants protective measures with and without fungicides and insecticides.
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