Yield and quality of faba beans cultivars in organic farming system
2022
Morozova, Inga | Jansone, Inga | Stramkale, Veneranda | ZarinaZariņa, Līvija, Livija | KroicaKroiča, Ieva, Ieva
The aim of this study is to evaluate the yield and quality indicators of field bean varieties under changing meteorological conditions in different geographical locations and years in an organic cultivation system. From 2018 to 2021, demonstration trials of field bean varieties were set up in three different places in Latvia: Vidzeme, Kurzeme and Latgale. The study evaluated four promising field bean varieties – ‘Lielplatone’ (Latvia's oldest fodder variety, medium early and high yielding), ‘Isabella’, ‘Laura’ and ‘Boxer’ (Swedish varieties, medium early and high yielding). The indicators determined for the evaluation of economic characteristics were as follows: bean yield, t haE−1; volumetric mass, g LE−1; mass of 1000 seeds, g; biochemical index – crude protein, %. Indicators are determined in AREI’s Laboratory of Grain Technology and Agrochemistry in accordance with relevant LVS standards. Mathematical data processing was performed in Microsoft Excel program. Analysis of variance with repetitions (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the significance of the differences and a correlation coefficient was determined, where the relationship between the amount of precipitation in June and the yield of bean varieties was analysed. In general, the determining factor of the yield level was the variety and meteorological conditions. In three different geographical areas of Latvia, in a four-year period in the biological cultivation system, higher economically important indicators (such as yield, volumetric weight) were observed for the field bean varieties ‘Lielplatone’ and ‘Isabella’, and for the variety ‘Lielplatone’ – also the crude protein content. A more suitable variety with a higher yield of 2.58 t haE−1 was recorded in LLZC ‘Lielplatone’, while in PPC and SPC ‘Isabella’ the yield reaches 2.29 and 1.47 t haE−1, respectively.
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