Overview of land consolidation in Europe
Daugaliene, V.
In the late 1990s, after the fall of the former Soviet Union, a new political and economic reforms era has started in Europe. One of the first activities of the reforms were targeted to the land – a territorial basis for various economic activities. Each country chosen its own way to carry the land reform, keeping it high on the political and economic reforms’ agenda, but already very soon it became evident that the result of such activities is not satisfactory, as the newly formed agricultural land parcels in rural areas were small and fragmented for efficient farming activities, not adjusted to the existing rural infrastructure. The best tool to address the mentioned problems is the land consolidation. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is leading the process of methodological guidance on land consolidation, with the special focus since 2002, when the Munich Symposium was organised to address these issues. Modern land consolidation could be defined as the process of rearrangement of the land parcels in a certain territory, aiming to enlarge those parcels, optimise farm holdings and establish necessary infrastructure, at the same time taking into consideration other rural development and environmental protection policy objectives. As land consolidation is by nature multi-functional, from the very beginning of initiating the process, it is recommended to apply land consolidation with different approaches.
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