Productivitatea grâului de toamnă în funcţie de nivelul de fertilizare a cernoziomului levigat în experienţe de lungă durată
2018
Leah, N.
The evaluation results of the winter wheat productivity cultivated on the cambic chernozem according to the fertilization level and agrometeorological conditions of the years 2010-2016 are presented. The winter wheat grain production obtained from the unfertilized variant (control) ranged from 1.33 t/ha to 3.22 t/ha. Administration of fertilizers on the natural background on average for 6 years led to the increase of wheat yields from 2.51 t/ha to 4.75 t/ha, the production increase was 38-89%. At phosphorus levels the wheat yield increased from 19% with 1.5 mg background to 50% on the 3.0 - 3.5 mg/100 g of mobile phosphorus soil versus N120K29-32 mg/100. At the variant P3.5K29-32 mg/100 (PK), increase in yield versus control was 44%. In nitrogen variant on the PK background in doses of 30-150 kg/ha, the increase in wheat production was 65-89% compared to the control variant and 20-45% relative to PK variant. The average gluten content over 6 years ranged from 23.6% on unfertilized variant to 29.6% on fertilized variants. The increase in gluten content accounted 25% versus control, and was included in the 2nd quality group. The optimum level of phosphorus in the soil for the cambic 434 chernozem in the cultivation of winter wheat was 3,0 - 3,5 mg/100 g of soil (Machigin method) and the optimal nitrogen doses were 90 - 120 kg/ha.
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