Effects of copper sulphate on the survival of free-living stage of Schistocephalus coracidia
2020
Shaibatul’ Islamiah Che Man | Asilah Abdul Mutalib | Zahidah Ab. Latiff | Zalina Ismail | Fazhana Ismail | Zunura’in Zahali2
Heavy metals enter the water ecosystem from a different sources natural and anthropogenic. Among the heavy metals copper is one of the most harmful pollutants of aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the effects of copper concentration (0.2 mg/L, 2 mg/L and 20 mg/L) on a cestode parasite, Schistocephalus solidus, were tested. In this experiment, newly-hatched coracidium were added to each 96-well flat bottom microtitre plates containing 100 µL of copper at 0.2 mg/L, 2 mg/L and 20 mg/L. Each coracidium was examined for survival at 1h intervals under a dissecting microscope. Death was confirmed when no swimming movement was visible during a 2 min observation and a change occured from transparent to opaque white colour. copper had a significant effect on the survival of S. solidus coracidia. Coracidia survived longer (30 h) when exposed to freshwater than in copper at concentration of 0.2 mg/L (21 h), 2 mg/L (22 h) and 20 mg/L (13 h). In conclusion, copper generally enters from agricultural runoff, through the deliberate use of copper as a pollution influenced reductions in coracidia survival which capable of producing failure in transmission to the next host. Changes in copper in aquatic environments can have implications for the parasite life cycle stages, with potentially complex implications for life cycle dynamics.
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