Antioxidant and physico-chemical properties and botanical origin of pollen collected by Apis cerana Frabricius from selected apiaries in Laguna and Batangas provinces (Philippines)
2019
Hizon-Fradejas, A.B. | Dela Torre, L.D.G. | Alvarez, P.L.J. | Belina-Aldemita, M.D. | Micor, J.R.L. | Angelia, M.R.N. | Barrion-Dupo, A.L.A. | Cervancia, C.R.
The physico-chemical and antioxidant properties of the ethanolic extracts of pollen collected by the Asian honey bee, Apis cerana Fabricius, from Laguna and Batangas Provinces (Luzon I., Philippines) were determined. The botanical origin of the bee pollen samples was also identified. The percent mositure ranged from 19.50 ± 0.17 to 22.44 ± 0.13; % of ash, from 2.89 ± 0.02 to 3.58 ± 0.01; % crude fat, from 0.75 ± 0.12 to 2.70 ± 0.09; % crude fiber, from 1.07 ± 0.16 to 2.76 ± 0.14; % crude protein, from 15.15 ± 0.02 to 20.49 ± 0.95; % total carbohydrates (nitrogen-free extract), from 52.67 ± 0.90 to 56.03 ± 0.09; % sugar, i.e., total sugars, reducing sugar and apparent sucrose, from 9.63 ± 1.35 to 17.30 ± 2.14; from 7.28 ± 3.09 to 14.68 ± 3.50; and from 2.24 ± 2.20 to 2.62 ± 1.54, respectively; phosphorus content, from 1839.7 ± 43.7 to 2062.9 ± 7.5 mg P/kg; and sodium content, from 14.13 ± 0.14 to 33.57 ± 0.91 mg Na/kg. In vitro determination of antioxidant properties of the bee pollen samples includes 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical Scavenging Capacity with EC50 values of 7.86 ± 0.11 mg/mL to 8.02 ± 0.08, Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Capacity with EC50 of 30.86 ± 0.07 to 31.87 ± 0.09 mug/mL and Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) values of 2.69 ± 0.37 to 3.01 ± 0.49 mmol Fe2+/g extract. All bee pollen samples were multifloral with 19 different pollen types. Variations on the values obtained were attributed to the variation of geographical location and floral sources of the pollen in the samples.
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