AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF FOLIAR FERTILIZING ON SPRING WHEAT IN A CHANGING CLIMATE

The article presents data on the peculiarities of non-root top dressing of spring durum wheat varieties Volnodonskaya, Donskaya ehlegiya, Melodiya Dona in the conditions of the north-western zone of the Rostov region. This region is characterized by gradual climate change, which is expressed in the increase of its continentality. The predecessor in the experiment is lentils. Preparation of the soil for sowing spring wheat is generally accepted for the cultivation zone. The fertilizer system provided for the main application of phosphorus-containing fertilizers for plowing, non-root fertilizing with liquid complex fertilizer in the tube exit phase, carbamide in the earing phase. The seeding rate is 5 million/ha for all agrofields, the depth of seeding is 4-5 cm, the area of the plot is 50 m2, the repetition of the experience is three times. Soil of the experimental site is represented by southern carbonate chernozem. The amount of humus in the arable layer was 3.2%. The number of mobile forms of macronutrients in the arable soil layer was as follows: total nitrogen (N-NO3+ N-NH4) – 20 mg/kg of soil, phosphorus (P2O5) – 29 mg/kg, potassium (K2O) – 354 mg/kg. Experimental studies were conducted in 2011-2018. The results of the research allowed us to establish that in arid conditions, the system of non- root fertilizing of spring durum wheat should be based on the amount of available phosphates in the soil. With a low content of this element, top dressing with a liquid complex fertilizer with a dose of 50 kg/ha in physical weight in the tube exit phase is in demand. At the same time, the yield growth is 20% on average for varieties. With an average or high level of phosphates in the soil, top dressing with carbamide at a dose of 65 kg/he in the earing phase is relevant. The increase in productivity reaches the level of 23-35%