THE COMPARATIVE MONITORING OF GREATER CAUCASUS NORTH-EAST PART (GUBA-GUSAR) ZONE DENDROFLORA

In the study, the trees and shrubs grown under natural and cultural conditions in the Guba-Khachmaz zone, located in the northeastern part of the Greater Caucasus, were comparatively analyzed. It was known that Taxus baccata L., Pinus Kochiana Klotzch in C.Koch., Cotoneaster saxatilis Pojark., Fagus sylvatica L., Carpinus orientalis Mill., Carpinus betulus L., Quercus iberica M.Bieb., Quercus macranthera Fisch. & CAMey., Tilia dasystyla Steven., Celtis glabrata Stew., Celtis caucasica Willd., Acer hyrcanum Fisch., Acer pseudoplatanus L., etc. such species are dominant in those areas. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Typha angustifolia L., Scirpus lacustris Sc. Lithoralis, Potamogeton pectinature L., Juncus acutus L., etc. forms by association. According to the total number of plant species, 68% of the total amount of the Caucasian flora belongs to those areas. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the rich vegetation of the northeastern part of the Greater Caucasus is related to the diversity of its physical-geographical, natural-historical conditions and the complex history formed under the influence of distant floristic areas. The studies were carried out accordingly, preparatory, field and camera work was done using the DJI Phantom 4 DRON from a height of 30-400 m and using GPS to determine the exact coordinates. According to the IUCN version 3.1, studies were conducted on the criteria of danger, biological characteristics, stock, reasons for the change of natural resources. The effects of climate change and anthropogenic factors, along with natural flora, decorative ornamental plants are widely found in cultivated flora. In the course of the research, it became known that in the territory of the Guba-Khachmaz zone, which is the northeastern part of the Greater Caucasus, 41 families, 79 genera, 162 natural species, as well as 78 species of ornamental trees and shrubs cultivated in cultural conditions are cultivated in parks and gardens. On the other hand, the increase of biodiversity in the areas due to the recent reconstruction and improvement works, the development of ecotourism, the newly established recreation centers, the newly introduced species in the cultivated flora along with the natural flora is of great importance in the protection of the gene pool and the restoration of the ecological balance.