Tramlines in Growing Technology of Sugar Beet

The article focuses on the evaluation of the influence of sugar beet sowing distance change in the tramlines during sugar beet cultivation. It analyzes the structure of selected parts of sugar beet stand around the tramlines. It evaluates the number of plants, the stand structure and analyzes the influence on yield and quality of the harvested roots in a particular part of the stand.The article analyzes 12 sampling sites in the tramlines area. Two variants at each sampling site were analyzed (increased stand density – rows on both sides of the tramlines with increased sowing rate 143,000 plants/hectare, normal stand density – with sowing rate 130,000 plants/hectare). Each sample contained 15 beets, for which the production and quality indicators of harvested sugar beet were evaluated.The number of emerged sugar beet plants per hectare was crucial for further development, and especially for the final yield of beets. The field emergence rate was above-average (94%). There were statistically significant differences between the individual sampling sites, especially regarding the weight of beets. The yield was statistically significantly different in the part with increased stand density compared to the part with normal stand density (increase by 30%), due to a substantial edge effect. The content of molasses-forming substances, although it was statistically significant in some cases, only slightly influenced other calculated indicators of technological quality of sugar beet. The results showed that the yield loss due to missed rows was largely covered (approximately by 60%) by the yield of the rows with increased sowing rate on both sides of the tramlines. The monitored different stand density had no significant effect on the beet sugar content. The average sugar content was 20% regardless of the stand density. The inclusion of tramlines in sugar beet growing technology undoubtedly has a positive impact, especially from the organizational point of view. The economic benefit is influenced by the density of tramlines in the field.